What Everyone Is Saying About Process Essay Topics for College Is Dead Wrong and Why

What Everyone Is Saying About Process Essay Topics for College Is Dead Wrong and Why Try out another topic and do the very same 5-minute writing test till you locate a topic you know you can readily write on. If you get to select your own topic, that's good. The topic has to be interesting, the topic has to be essential and finally the topic has to be informative. Quite frequently, the ideal topic is one which you truly care about, but you also will need to get ready to research it. An argumentative essay requires you to choose a topic and have a position on it. Argumentative essay topics are so important since they are debatableand it's important to at all times be critically considering the world around us. Moral argumentative essay topics are a few of the simplest to get carried away with. Recent argumentative essay topics that are related to society is going to do. Life, Death, and Process Essay Topics for College Morality has a collection of unsolved problems, the so lution on which usually presents a decision. Since you may see, the process is everywhere the same. So following is a wonderful solution for this problem. You may see that the course of action is practically always the exact same. Education scholars are continuously evolving the way that they think about how we learn and what's taught. Home schooling is a powerful education program for rural locations and long distance regions. If you're confused with a selection of interesting topics to research online, it's far better to choose what interests you the most. Thanks to the correct selection of presentation style and a thorough understanding of the goals you wish to attain in your essay, there are many categories essay themes may be broken into. With the assistance of our tips for writing and our interesting collection of topics, you're guaranteed to have a high grade! You may discover that lots of the topics can be adapted to suit almost any type of writing assignment. Just select the category which suits you best and tackle because many topics as possible. The Argument About Process Essay Topics for College Preferably, it ought to be something that you're an expert in. Write about a problem you have or would like to address. When you're picking your topic, bear in mind that it's much simpler to write about something which you currently have interest ineven in case you don't know a great deal about it. When you are requested to pick a great topic for your argument, start with something you're acquainted with. If you've got to compose your whole essay in 1 day, do your very best to give yourself breaks so you don't burn out. It can be really boring to look for worthy English essay topics on your own, therefore we think that it's time to provide you with a hand of assistance. Perhaps, you believe that now you must sit and produce the very best essay topics by yourself, which may take plenty of time and energy. It's possible to go for an intrig uing topic from any area of science. On our site you'll find far more useful distinctive information that is certain to be helpful for junior and higher school kids from, like common home task essay about Hamlet, along with, for instance, application essays for college for future students. Attempt to consider what age is very good for students to date with one another. Remember your final grade significantly is contingent on the topic. For instance, you can opt for a topic for elementary, middle, or higher school. How to Find Process Essay Topics for College on the Web You may continue to keep your argumentative essays for your upcoming job portfolio in case they're highly graded. It is often as large or as small as it is possible to consider! Inside my opinion, some of the greatest essays reveal how at some point or another your mind was blown, shifted, changed in some manner. The main purpose of topic choice for a proposal essay is to demonstrate the idea can be put into place in practice. The secret to all kinds of synthesis is precisely the same. The issue is that everybody's interpretation of what makes a great society differs. The thesis will provide you with a guideline on how best to go about with writing the essay. An admissions officer is far more likely to bear in mind an applicant who has a rather specific essay written in a distinctive and quirky way. Colleges can tell whenever your essay is merely a form essay. The Hidden Truth on Process Essay Topics for College Instead of just immediately writing about your argumentative essay topic, you should first think about what it is that you are likely to put back on your paper through a procedure of brainstorming and pre-writing. Therefore, for your coursework, you're want to have the very best ideas. Be conscious of the size it must be and get started writing the narrative essay outline. When students are writing their argumentative essays which need to find, read and analyze plenty of material to do good.

Network Diagram - 1908 Words

Several weaknesses of paper-based medical records have been identified, such as illegible handwriting, ambiguous and incomplete data, data fragmentation, and poor availability.1 In addition, paper records often become bulky with time, which leads to lack of overview. Because paper records still represent the usual medium for collecting and recording patient data, these weaknesses could impede the continuity and quality of care. Allow for all medical offices to send, receive, and share data resources throughout the network Upgrade all hardware/software to ensure network operability Allow scalability for growth of and on the network Merge all five medical offices without slowing down current service at any location Provide physical†¦show more content†¦There are stuff that need improvement. Still, electronic digital information can be very effective if highly developed and recognized. M.C. Kinnon is the author of The Digital Patient. His book looks at and explains the medical information revolution; how your doctor is using your digital medical information to better manage your health. As well as how you can take control of your medical information. For more information of his work, visit http://thedigitalpatient.com/website/ Abstract Objective: It is not automatically given that the paper-based medical record can be eliminated after the introduction of an electronic medical record (EMR) in a hospital. Many keep and update the paper-based counterpart, and this limits the use of the EMR system. The authors have evaluated the physicians clinical work practices and attitudes toward a system in a hospital that has eliminated the paper-based counterpart using scanning technology. Design: Combined open-ended interviews (8 physicians) and cross-sectional survey (70 physicians) were conducted and compared with reference data from a previous national survey (69 physicians from six hospitals). The hospitals in the reference group were using the same EMR system without the scanning module. Measurements: The questionnaire (English translation available as an online data supplement at ) covered frequency of use of the EMR system for 19 defined tasks, ease of performing them, and user satisfaction. TheShow MoreRelatedNetwork Diagrams : A Network Diagram1432 Words   |  6 PagesNetwork Diagram: A network diagram is a graphical representation of any network, it’s a small structure of computers and network devices (routers, modem, Ethernet etc.) It is a sequence of steps. This network diagram represents setting up a Web Server with DMZ in an existing network. Network Diagram Explanation: Internet service provider (ISP) provides a public IP address, which is given to a modem. A router connected to modem gets this public IP address through Ethernet cable into its WAN portRead MoreLogical And Physical Network Design Diagrams1807 Words   |  8 PagesIT IS important to have logical and physical network design diagrams. These diagrams help us in understanding of the entire network with its functionalities. Physical layout diagrams of the network shows connections between network devices and their physical location on the network. Workstations are represented by use of small computer icons, severs are shown with full tower cases. Switches and other network devices can be shown by use small rectangular boxes with their RJ-45 points. Sometimes switchesRead MoreDependencies and Network Diagram1112 Words   |  5 PagesDependencies and Network Diagram The network diagram is a schematic representation showing the sequence and relationship/ dependency of the tasks along with their duration. All the tasks, except the first and the last, are linked with at least one predecessor and successor to have a proper sequence of work. This logical dependency between the tasks will determine afterwards the duration of the project. There are four types of dependencies which define the relation between pair tasks Finish-to-startRead MoreNetwork Diagrams and Schedule Analysis1396 Words   |  6 PagesNetwork Diagrams and schedule analysis NETWORK DIAGRAMS ARE SCHEMATIC DISPLAYS OF PROJECT SCHEDULE ACTIVITIES AND THE INTERDEPENDENCIES BETWEEN THESE ACTIVITIES. WHEN DEVELOPED PROPERLY, THIS GRAPHICAL VIEW OF A PROJECT’S ACTIVITIES CONVEYS CRITICAL SCHEDULE CHARACTERISTICS REQUIRED TO EFFECTIVELY ANALYZE AND ADJUST SCHEDULES – THUS RESULTING IN ACCURATE AND FEASIBLE SCHEDULES. THIS DOCUMENT ADDRESSES WHAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NETWORK DIAGRAM, HOW NETWORK DIAGRAMS ARE CREATEDRead MoreNetwork Diagrams and Schedule Analysis1388 Words   |  6 PagesNetwork Diagrams and schedule analysis NETWORK DIAGRAMS ARE SCHEMATIC DISPLAYS OF PROJECT SCHEDULE ACTIVITIES AND THE INTERDEPENDENCIES BETWEEN THESE ACTIVITIES. WHEN DEVELOPED PROPERLY, THIS GRAPHICAL VIEW OF A PROJECT’S ACTIVITIES CONVEYS CRITICAL SCHEDULE CHARACTERISTICS REQUIRED TO EFFECTIVELY ANALYZE AND ADJUST SCHEDULES – THUS RESULTING IN ACCURATE AND FEASIBLE SCHEDULES. THIS DOCUMENT ADDRESSES WHAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NETWORK DIAGRAM, HOW NETWORK DIAGRAMS ARERead MoreFigure 1 show a simple diagram of wide area network (WAN) connected with few local area networks900 Words   |  4 Pages Figure 1 show a simple diagram of wide area network (WAN) connected with few local area networks (LAN). WAN is a network that covers a large geographical area. Internet is one of the best example of WAN has the largest area network over national region and worldwide connected to let devices located at everywhere connect to each other through this enormous network area. LAN allows connecting to computers and devices in a limited geographical area, LAN normally build in small area such as home, officeRead MoreNetwork Diagram And Design Management Planning1541 Words   |  7 PagesNETWORK DIAGRAM Formulating a network diagram, likewise alluded to as a logic diagram, in order to comprehend and envision how each task will continue is an extraordinary path to begin. It is a basic idea within project management planning that is effectively utilising as a part of application, commonly used as a part of assembling commercial enterprises, and also to outline and comprehend work processes are what service industries requires. It distinctively shows the rational rules for influencingRead MoreCalculating and Interpreting a Project Network Diagram1185 Words   |  5 Pageswhich a task can start and finish† (Wysocki, 2009). This process is known as the â€Å"forward pass through the network diagram† (Time management). Also the â€Å"LS to LF procedure â€Å"which consists of the latest times at which a task can start and finish without delaying the completion date of the project† is calculated (Wysocki, 2009). This process is known as the â€Å"backward pass throu gh the network diagram† (Time management). Both the ES to FS and LS to LF procedures were calculated based on all the dependenciesRead MoreAib Problem Solution Essay606 Words   |  3 Pagesdata were obtained from a project to create a new portable electronic. Activity Duration Predecessors A 5 Days --- B 6 Days --- C 8 Days --- D 4 Days A, B E 3 Days C F 5 Days D G 5 Days E, F H 9 Days D I 12 Days G Step 1: Construct a network diagram for the project. Step 2: Answer the following questions: (15 points total) a) What is the Scheduled Completion of the Project? (2 points) 32 - CORRECT b) What is the Critical Path of the Project? (3 points) B,D,F,G,I - CORRECT 2,4,6,7Read MoreNetwork Diagram, And Critical Path Method1313 Words   |  6 Pageshazards, and issues of poor quality. Accordingly, a project manager should consider the work space as one of the important factor during a construction. According to Chau et al. 2004, Mallasi 2006, and Wang et al. 2004, although the grant chart, network diagram, and critical path method are some existing construction planning techniques, they have some limitations to demonstrate the three-dimensional features of activities. In addition, it is difficult even for expert project managers to manage work-space

Formal Analysis of The Raft of the Medusa free essay sample

The Raft of the Medusa, is extraordinary: exhibiting an intensity that sets it apart from all other works to date. Upon viewing this piece, it becomes immediately apparent that there is a tense struggle being depicted by Gericault. When one lays their eyes on this piece, they are guided along a fading beam of light shining upon the raft, from the bottom left of the painting to the top right. This guide, of sorts, occurs naturally as a result of the dramatic contrast of light and dark. The character lying half-submerged in the ocean and the sail placed in upper left quadrant of the piece counter-balance the weight of the bright light stretching from lower-left to upper-right. Such an arrangement contributes a sense of spatial recognition, or depth, and ocular movement is created by this element. There is a distinct foreground, middleground, and background. The makeshift raft that is barely keeping its occupants afloat makes up the foreground and attracts the majority of the viewer’s attention. We will write a custom essay sample on Formal Analysis of The Raft of the Medusa or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The middleground and background is designated by the bluish-green hue of the waves juxtaposed with the yellowish-gold sky. A horizon is created by this color contrast. These elements are brilliantly comprised, allowing any spectator to immediately comprehend the sorrowful event, or action, taking place in Theodore Gericault’s, The Raft of the Medusa. Movement is further addressed through the soft, meandering lines used to portray their clothing and the sail. Inarguably, these lines are intended to illustrate the poor weather conditions and raging seas. They also do the favor of hinting towards the movement of the characters themselves. In addition, the composition is dramatized even further through sharp changes in value. This contrast does two things for the piece: infers that the sun is setting, which generates a sense of immediacy, while also brightly illuminating the figures. Both add to its overall power and aesthetic. To fully experience Theodore Gericault’s poignant masterpiece, The Raft of the Medusa, one must stand in front of the original. At twenty-four feet across and sixteen feet high, the painting’s sheer size is astonishing. Combined, the dramatic scene being depicted, and Gericault’s talent, it is truly something that cannot be ignored. Frankly, there is no amount or combination of words that could do the painting justice.

Lawrence Thomas Casey Essays - Pickles, 9, Sweet Pickles

Lawrence: Thomas Casey Richard Sweeney November 29, 1999 Thomas Casey Throughout the fall semester I did community service at a thrift shop and soup kitchen in Lawrence. There I experienced things I have never encountered before in my life. These experiences have taught me a lot, and have truly made me look at Americas underprivileged, in a new light. The hours I put in at the food pantry had a greater affect on me than the thrift shop. On October 16, 1999 another classmate and I were brought to the food pantry in the middle of a poor section of Lawrence. We were brought inside and I was instructed to serve salad, bread, and pickles. My heart really went out to the unfortunate people when they started coming up to me. I felt extremely bad for them. There were people of all ages. Parents with their children, wearing dirt stained clothing filled with holes that did not even fit them. A good amount of the people I had to deal with were Hispanic and very few of them were able to speak English. It was very difficult to communicate with them. The little faces of the innocent children made me really feel for them. I knew these children had insecure families and were looked at as though they were fortunate to be getting food. These young kids seemed to be very appreciative that they were able to get some food in their starving bellies. There was one incident that will always stick with me. There was a mother with her two sons and daughter that had gotten in line to get their food. The two boys must have been around six years old and eleven years old. The girl was probably about nine years of age. The mother had gone first and got all her food and sat down. Then the little girl and her older brother went. The little six-year-old had dirt stains and tares all over his gray sweat pants. His innocent face said nothing to me. He stood there staring at me in the eye with a sad look. I asked him if he wanted to have some salad and he shook his head from side to side implicating no. Then I asked if he would like to have some bread and he again shook his head from side to side. Then the last thing I was serving which were pickles. I asked the child if he would like some pickles and his head immediately started to nod up and down meaning he wanted some. The smile on his face went from one ear to the other. He appeared so tha nkful to have gotten some pickles. I gave the young boy a bunch of pickles. The boy quickly went to his seat and sat there with a huge grin on his face and enjoyed his pickles. After he finished the pickles on his plate he then walk up to the counter that he could barely see over hesitated for a minute and in this very quite voice he asked me Can I please have some more pickles? The voice of the child was so faint that I could hardly hear him. This boy was so shy. I told him he was more than welcome to have some more. I think that I made the little boys day by giving him more pickles. He had a smile on his face for the rest of the day. It made me feel really good that I was able to make the boy happy. At the thrift shop, about ninety percent of the people were Hispanic. One of the workers at the thrift shop I encountered could not talk English so it was very difficult for him to tell me anything. This one time when it was just he and I and we were testing a dryer to see if it still worked, he was trying to tell me to move the dryer near an outlet so we could plug it in. I had no clue what so ever what he was trying to instruct me to do. I just stood there looking at the man and we both felt helpless because we could not communicate

Free Essays on Uccello

Paolo Uccello was born as Paolo di Dono and was given the name Uccello as a nickname meaning â€Å"the bird† because of his love for drawing birds and animals on frieze. He was the son of Dono di Paolo, who was a barber and surgeon and Antonia di Giovanni del Beccuto. He came from a poor family but money never matters to Uccello, his art did. He was a member of the official painters' guild, Arte dei Medici e degli Speziali. He was a perspective and slightly Gothic artist born in the year 1397 in Pratovecchio, which is by Florence, Italy. He was first an apprentice to Donatello at Ghiberti’s workshop and helped him decorate the paradise doors of the Florence Baptistery. He began working as an artist around the year 1425 in St. Mark’s Basilica in Venice, making mosaics. The frescoes the Cloister Verde of in the Santa Maria Novella in Florence were his next great works of art. One of the frescoes, â€Å"Scenes from the Creation†, he used perspective to fill in any space available; there are also hints of Gothic style which shows he followed Ghiberti. Around 1439 to 1440, the two versions of â€Å"St. George and the Dragon were created. Both versions are very much like a fairy-tale. In this painting the figures are wooden like. In the first version the colors used are brighter while the second version displays colors with depth, and contrast between light and dark more than in the first version. Both place the figures on the foreground. In the first version the dragon charges at the saint while the princess prays. The landscape in the first version is of cultivated fields and city walls with the relatives of the princess in the background, but in the second version the landscape is of a dark and dreary forest of London St. George. In the second version, slight movement can be seen in the sky; the clouds seem to be moving east leading toward the whirl wing. One of the two paintings is at Museà © Jacquemart- Andrà ©, in Paris, France. T... Free Essays on Uccello Free Essays on Uccello Paolo Uccello was born as Paolo di Dono and was given the name Uccello as a nickname meaning â€Å"the bird† because of his love for drawing birds and animals on frieze. He was the son of Dono di Paolo, who was a barber and surgeon and Antonia di Giovanni del Beccuto. He came from a poor family but money never matters to Uccello, his art did. He was a member of the official painters' guild, Arte dei Medici e degli Speziali. He was a perspective and slightly Gothic artist born in the year 1397 in Pratovecchio, which is by Florence, Italy. He was first an apprentice to Donatello at Ghiberti’s workshop and helped him decorate the paradise doors of the Florence Baptistery. He began working as an artist around the year 1425 in St. Mark’s Basilica in Venice, making mosaics. The frescoes the Cloister Verde of in the Santa Maria Novella in Florence were his next great works of art. One of the frescoes, â€Å"Scenes from the Creation†, he used perspective to fill in any space available; there are also hints of Gothic style which shows he followed Ghiberti. Around 1439 to 1440, the two versions of â€Å"St. George and the Dragon were created. Both versions are very much like a fairy-tale. In this painting the figures are wooden like. In the first version the colors used are brighter while the second version displays colors with depth, and contrast between light and dark more than in the first version. Both place the figures on the foreground. In the first version the dragon charges at the saint while the princess prays. The landscape in the first version is of cultivated fields and city walls with the relatives of the princess in the background, but in the second version the landscape is of a dark and dreary forest of London St. George. In the second version, slight movement can be seen in the sky; the clouds seem to be moving east leading toward the whirl wing. One of the two paintings is at Museà © Jacquemart- Andrà ©, in Paris, France. T...

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DWC Supply chain Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

DWC Supply chain - Research Paper Example It would be a one-stop destination for the people, whereby the facility can provide residential and all other city related requirements in the same area. This project will emerge as a futuristic mini city (Zawya, 2007). The entire facility’s master plan has been created based on the concept of extreme forward thinking. It is a part of Dubai Strategic Plan 2015. Broadway Malyan, a leading architectural, urbanism and integrated design practice, has partnered with DWC to create this world-class urban city that will be equipped with the most recent and innovative technological solutions. This will be a state-of-the-art facility with new offerings that are completely different from those existing in other economic zones of Dubai and around the world. This would act as a global city that aims to be sustainable as well as progressive. The facility will explore innovative solutions in architecture with least impact on the environment. The designers for this plan will include individuals who have played a key role in developing other major cities around the world such as, New York, Tokyo, Singapore and others. The project is currently developed with the objective of catering to all commercial needs till the year 2050 and beyond. The different segments will offer complete lifestyle solutions and facilities for the inhabitants. The commercial city will become the nerve cell of DWC, catering to all the markets of Dubai and the Middle East. The commercial district will be a hub for the media and creative firms, including office spaces, luxury boutiques and showrooms. The residential area will house sports and leisure clubs. The enterprise and commercial city within DWC will support a number of banking and financial industries. The city shall be connected with the rest of UAE through rail, where DWC will be one of the main stations for the Emirates Express Train set to be developed in future. The

Cognitive Linguistics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cognitive Linguistics - Term Paper Example 24). In his classification the â€Å"symbols† refer to the arbitrary signs, while â€Å"indices† and â€Å"icons† refer to the motivated ones. Arbitration is the process of giving the objects the titles that have nothing to do with its features and nature, while motivation is the process that is based on cause and effect relations between a referent and a sign. According to Pierce, the example of a â€Å"symbol† can be the word â€Å"table† – the sign does not reveal any outward or inner features or functions of the object. However, his indices and icons are more or less motivated. Indices represent the signs where the sign is determined by proximity or causality. The examples here are the smoke coming from the building – that indicates fire, the movement of the pointed finger at any object is also an index. The relation here is based on causality, common knowledge and traditions of people’s culture. Studying icons Pierce distin guished three types of icons. Image is a kind of sign that either visually, audibly or in any other way resembles a referent. The examples here include paintings, photos or onomatopoetic words. By copying something with gestures or mimics we also display images. The second type is metaphor that has a more elusive nature, though it is still based on the abstract resemblance of a referent. Using some gestures of non-verbal communication can also illustrate the metaphor, since it is based on a kind of meaningful transition. For instance, while discussing some problems a person can show the size of the problem with the hands. Certainly, the size is abstract and relative but it has the beginning and the end. In this case the intention of a person to demonstrate the seriousness of the problem is the main factor that refers it to the â€Å"image† sign. The third type is diagrams that show information, tendencies or figures in absolutely another way, but still they do not represent t he very object to us. A wiring diagram demonstrates the relationship between â€Å"the parts of a circuit, but neither the general form of the diagram nor the indexes of the certain parts need to look like the physical circuit† (Hinton, 1994, p. 34) In the history of linguistics scientists tended to focus more on arbitration than on motivation. Though, it cannot be but mention that the most part of the signs in the language are of the arbitrary nature, but still the motivated ones are not to be neglected. As mentioned above all our gestures that go with our verbal speech are sure to have the motivated nature. The language of the deaf has a more iconic implication than the spoken language. The examples of early written languages Sumerian, ancient Chinese and Egyptian bore the iconic nature. The language in this case was carried out through the pictograms or signs that represent exactly an icon. Unlike the study of Saussure the signs of the spoken language do not have only arbi trary nature. The motivated signs refer not only to onomatopoeia and sound symbolism but also to some syntactical structures. A man has many various forms of communication, though it is possible to mark out two basic forms of it. It is necessary to understand the development and importance of motivation signs and for translators and interpreters it is necessary to differentiate them in the process of communication. Our two most typical forms of communic

Modern technology Essay Example for Free

Modern technology Essay Technology has become a very important part of our lives nowadays. During the past few years, technology has evolved in many ways and is probably without a doubt better than ever before. People are always trying to find something new that will improve our lives dramatically. Some of the creations that have really changed our lives are the computer, telephone, internet and electronic mail, television, cell phone and voice mail. Everything has a positive and a negative effect on our lives and so does technology. Technology may be very helpful but it can sometimes be very harmful. In our modern society, people cant see themselves without computers. Computers have evolved so much during the past years. They used to be bulky, expensive and not very reliable machine but nowadays there are fast, small and affordable and nearly every family has a computer. With computers you can browse over the internet and look for information about a subject instead of having to do read books at the library or read the newspaper. Nowadays mostly everything is available on the internet. You can even do your Christmas shopping over the internet instead of having to spend a long time waiting at the malls. Electronic mails can be sent over a network and its much faster and takes up less time than to have to write a letter and then send it and the person would have to wait a day or more to get your letter. Cell phones are also very useful gadgets as people can reach you wherever you are. In case of emergency people can contact you even if youre not at home. When you have a computer you can just store your files on your hard drive and it can be retrieved at any time. Its also much easier to type something than to handwrite as if you make a mistake white-out doesnt have to be used as you can edit your whenever you want before printing it. Machines can also be programmed to answer the phone for you whenever youre not here or you dont want to take the call because youre too tired to do it. Technology has helped the NASA in various ways. They have discovered new planets, found out interesting facts about them like what are they made of or is there air and water on that planet. As you can see technology does have various advantages and it would be pretty much impossible to live without technology nowadays. Ever since the beginning, technology always had disadvantages. Although  computers are very useful machines, hackers can enter your computer and access private information for example your bank account without you even noticing it. They can copy your password and later on use it to take money from your account without any permission. Computer viruses are also very dangerous as it can destroy your data completely and you may even have to buy a new computer afterwards as the damage cant be repaired. People are starting to lose their communication skills because most of the things are now done on the computer. People who dont have enough knowledge in computers are having more and more trouble to find a good job even if they have other qualifications. In chat rooms, older people usually make young teenagers believe that theyre the same age as them and sometimes ask them to meet them at some place before kid-knapping them or doing something else that will harm them. These things show that technology has some disadvantages if it is used in a harmful way. Technology has some advantages and disadvantages. People should know what theyre doing and they should know how to protect themselves from hackers and harmful programs. Anti-viruses should be used as well as firewalls for protection. Before actually meeting someone that youve talked to over the internet you should be completely sure that he/she didnt lie to you because it could end up very badly for you. Teenagers should not always listen to the media because sometimes the media only tells you something so that they can make money out of it and in return you hardly gain anything. Technology has become part of our daily lives and the question is how far will technology go?

Violence In the Media :: Papers

Public attention to violence in television has been evident since the early 1950's. Since then, some have come to feel that the portrayal of violence on television is an example of the moral breakdown of our once-great nation. Although, various scholars have clearly shown that violence has been a part of the human society's system of communication. And today, television plays a huge role in our system of mass communication. Unfortunately, television is thought to have an impact on the beliefs and actions of viewers, especially of children and teenagers. Most boys and girls who see violent acts performed on television are more likely to become violent and aggressive in their own lives. Two Chicago doctors, Leonard Eron, and Rowell Huesmann followed the viewing habits of a group of children for twenty-two years. They concluded that watching violence on television encourages violent and aggressive behavior. Programs, advertisements, and even the news is giving the public a warpe d view of reality. Since most people have little experience with crime and violent acts, they are more likely to believe what they see on television. By distorting reality, television has caused the increase of violence because of learned behaviors, sex roles and other stereotypical attitudes, and the desensitization of children. One of the main reasons television creates a fair amount of violence in society is the fact that children learn the specific behaviors they observe. It has been established above all that children watch television to keep themselves occupied and for amusement. Television has and informative and social function. Children have said from television they get ideas, learn about good and evil, and get an idea of reality. Dr. George Camshich's analysis on the effects of television is the "vicarious socialization that television conveys our values and norms to maturing individuals in a way that could affect how they function in society" (Williams, 161). In order for a child to be influenced significantly by a particular program, they must find the programs credible. The child then develops opinions through different sources(parents, teachers, peers), and then the child will have their own experiences, relating what they saw on television with the similar situation they have encounter ed in their own lives. It is true that the programs that have the greatest influence are the ones that deal in matters we have no knowledge of.

Should we reinstate the Selective Service Draft or continue to rely on a volunteer army?

This paper seeks to determine whether the Americans should reinstate the Selective Service Draft or continue to rely on a volunteer army. This paper posits that it is more advantageous to rely on volunteer army than military draft. . No need to reinstate the military draft One of the strongest arguments why America need not reinstate the Selective Service Draft and instead continue to rely on volunteer army is the positions presently taken by the Bush Administration.Burns said, â€Å"The Bush administration sees no need to reinstate the military draft, but it is pushing for improved Pentagon management of the 1.4 million-strong force in order to meet wartime needs, Defense Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld said Thursday. † He further quoted Rumsfeld saying , â€Å"†I don't know anyone in the executive branch of the government who believes it would be appropriate or necessary to reinstitute the draft,† to the Newspaper Association of America's annual convention. † The system of military conscription that was abandoned in 1973 just came from some members of Congress on whether the long-term nature of the global war on terrorism might require a return to same. It was Sen.Chuck Hagel, R-Neb. , who raised the possibility that compulsory military service might be necessary. Burns quoted Hagel as seeing the nation as engaged â€Å"in a generational war here against terrorism† and â€Å"It's going to require resources. † The main argument of Sen. Hagel was for burden sharing, hence, he was quoted as saying: â€Å"Should we continue to burden the middle class who represents most all of our soldiers, and the lower-middle class? † â€Å"Should we burden them with the fighting and the dying if in fact this is a generational – probably 25-year – war? â€Å"Burns found Rumsfeld not addressing the issue of burden-sharing, except to say the old system of conscription had â€Å"a lot of difficulties,† including lo opholes that permitted many to avoid being drafted. Rumsfeld was found to have said that the military simply does not need to abandon its all-volunteer approach and to have said the following statement, â€Å"†We have a relatively small military. We have been very successful in recruiting and retaining the people we need†¦ Although the military is strained by its commitments in Iraq and elsewhere, it is working on ways to get more combat power out of the existing force.† Burns also reported Rumsfeld arguing that the Army, for example, is reorganizing to increase the number of combat brigades from 33 to as many as 48 over the next several years and the Pentagon is finding ways to pull troops out of jobs that could be done by civilian Defense Department workers or government contractors, thus freeing more troops for combat-related duties (Paraphrasing made) . Hence it would mean that there is no need to reinstate the Selective Service since under the present circumst ance, volunteer army is a possible option.In trying therefore to analyse the statements of Rumsfeld, Selective Service draft should only come as an option if the present number of army could not be augmented through other means like pulling troops out of jobs that could be done by civilian Defense Department workers or government contractors. Why resort to compulsory service then when there are easier ways. As state earlier, the main argument for selective service is the shared burden principle between rich and poor. Equitable Spread of burden of military serviceGreenberg, David (2003) said that the proposal for selective service by Rep. Charles Rangel, D-N. Y. is based on the argument that in our anomic culture we need mandatory service to instill common values, provide a shared experience for young people of all races and social stripes, and equitably spread the burden of military service. Hence, in writing in the New York Times, Greenberg found Rangel recently to have urged a â⠂¬Å"return to the tradition of the citizen soldier,† and arguing that â€Å"if we are going to send our children to war, the governing principle must be that of shared sacrifice.† (Paraphrasing made). Greenberg further said, â€Å"Cries like Rangel's have arisen in every war and quite often in peace as well. In 1940, inaugurating the first-ever peacetime draft, Franklin Roosevelt argued that the new policy â€Å"broadened and enriched our basic concepts of citizenship. † A quarter century later, Lyndon Johnson called the draft â€Å"a part of America, a part of the process of our democracy. † Indeed, appeals to patriotism and democracy have often accompanied the imposition of mandatory sacrifice. † Equality contradicting libertyThe laudable purpose of equality is not however unopposed because of the element of coercion which convinces many that equality need not liberty. Thus, Greenburg agreed difficulty of selling conscription because equality coul d be contradicting liberty. He said, â€Å" Despite these fine words, though, conscription has always been—and probably will always be—a tough sell. The reason isn't that Americans crave an unjust system, although they haven't shown too much regret over the draft's inequities. Rather, the draft's perennial unpopularity stems from an abiding national regard for freedom from state coercion.For all Rangel's rhetorical bows to the â€Å"citizen soldier† and â€Å"shared sacrifice,† his proposal addresses America's historic concern for equality but skirts its even more primary veneration for liberty. † As to the validity of the claims equality in the sharing the burden, perhaps it would be proper to take a look at the past. Had people readily accepted conscription in the past? Greenburg said â€Å"Indeed, the notion of the citizen soldier of the Revolutionary War to which Rangel hearkens—the common man trading plowshare for sword to fight an imm inent threat—actually points up the flaws in the argument for conscription.The Revolution's vaunted Minute Men were, after all, volunteers who needed no official prodding to take up arms against a threat to their liberty. The Continental Army certainly had its manpower problems—in the winter of 1776, Tom Paine decried the â€Å"summer soldier and the sunshine patriot†Ã¢â‚¬â€but even in those trying times, states rejected George Washington's plea for national conscription. When individual states did hold drafts, they allowed wealthy conscripts to hire substitutes, who were predominantly poor and unemployed. Service was hardly a shared experience. †If President Washington plea for national conscription was rejected when the country needed the citizen then to defend it was rejected, would it be easier to accept today? Could this happen with Bush administration when his defense secretary was saying that there is no need for military draft? But going back stil l in the past, it was found that draft really existed but it was just temporary to address an emergency. Thus, Greenburg added , â€Å"Whatever problems hobbled the Continental Army, the new nation's founders remained convinced that state encroachment on personal freedom was the greater danger.The Constitution's drafters conferred on Congress the power to â€Å"raise and support armies† but not to conscript citizens—an omission notably at odds with the practice in Europe. Virginia's Edmund Randolph, one of the few founders to raise the issue during the constitutional debates, argued that a draft would â€Å"stretch the strings of government too violently to be adopted. † Such sentiments carried the day even when British troops invaded American soil two decades later. During the War of 1812, President James Madison sought a draft.But even though Secretary of War James Monroe promised it would be just a temporary, emergency measure, Congress opposed it, in Sen. D aniel Webster's words, as â€Å"Napoleonic despotism. † It never got off the ground. † If success in the past may have to be used as a justification to put one today, would it be more acceptable? Historically this was not supposed to be the case since success seemed t far from good. Greenburg said, â€Å"In the Civil War, both North and South continued to rely mainly on enlistment, although they did adopt conscription when the volunteers dried up.Even though the Civil War drafts were extremely limited—only 8 percent of Union's 2 million soldiers were draftees—they were far from successful. The Confederate government gave exemptions to those in certain occupations, sparking popular protest. Meanwhile, the delegation of such vast powers to the Confederate government baldly violated the principle of â€Å"states' rights† and undermined the South's rationale for its rebellion. † The limited number then of military draft appear to post now a stron g objection to reinstating military draft now that they situation was not as dangerous before.There could be problems with impracticality because a forced military service may just cause desertions or non reporting which. This actually happened. Greenburg confirmed this when he said, â€Å"Fifty years later, with Europe at war, Woodrow Wilson courted the animosity of isolationists left and right by pushing through Congress a sweeping (but temporary) conscription program. To ensure fairness, the law barred the hiring of substitutes and the offering of bounties for enlistees.But the draft's more fundamental flaw—its coerciveness—still fueled protest. Waves of conscripts, perhaps as many as 3 million, refused to register for the draft, and of those actually called to serve, 12 percent either didn't report or quickly deserted. Local vigilantes took to shaming or brutalizing resisters into service. Civil libertarians sued the government, arguing that the draft was unconsti tutional under the 13th Amendment, which outlawed involuntary servitude, but in 1918 the Supreme Court upheld it as constitutional.† What could be more depriving than coerciveness? We have seen coercion generating protest but it does not mean that military draft is not without use and purpose. Hence Greenburg explained that the draft was scuttled when peace returned, but in 1940, when Germany invaded France, FDR sought to resurrect it. There must be a war to justify the draft. But how was it accepted then because of the war? Greenburg said, â€Å" Again, opposition was fierce; Sen.Arthur Vandenberg, for one, accused FDR of â€Å"tearing up 150 years of American history and tradition, in which none but volunteers have entered the peacetime Armies and Navies. † But FDR won out, and resistance faded after Pearl Harbor. As it was in so many ways, the experience of the â€Å"good† war proved an exception to a historical pattern. Yet FDR's policies also set a preceden t for the more questionable Cold War draft, which would last 25 years. † In the cold war , America had the draft during the Cold War but the Vietnam experience have taught them a lesson.Greenburg confirmed this when he said, â€Å"It took the catastrophe of Vietnam to end the draft. By the late 1960s, the mounting body counts and anti-war sentiment made it increasingly hard for President Johnson to justify sending young men to die in battle. Until 1969, Maj. Gen. Lewis B. Hershey, the head of the Selective Service, blocked efforts to reform or end the draft, but when Richard Nixon assumed the presidency he saw draft reform as a way to silence the peace movement and steal the Democrats' thunder without a precipitous pullout.Nixon forced Hershey into retirement, set up a lottery to make the draft fairer, and indicated he would move toward an all-volunteer force (AVF). In a debate over whether to continue the draft in 1971 or adopt an AVF, it was Nixon and Gen. William Westmorel and who argued for the AVF, while leading Democrats in Congress such as Ted Kennedy and one Charlie Rangel pressed to keep the draft in place. † Given past events, will America repeat the same mistake?The Americans have spoken about their positions in the last 2006 elections by giving more seats to Democrats over the Republicans. The constitutionality of mandatory military service One of the issues that may be invoked in trying to oppose the military draft is through constitutional means. Smolla, R. said, â€Å"The military draft has been rhetorically attacked as a form of involuntary servitude that violates the Thirteenth Amendment, [23] but, despite the hyperbolic utility of the argument, it has never been taken seriously by the Supreme Court.As early as the 1918 Selective Draft Law Cases, [24] the Court stated that as we are unable to conceive upon what theory the exaction by government from the citizen of the performance of his supreme and noble duty of contributing to th e defense of the rights and honor of the nation as the result of a war declared by the great representative body of the people can be said to be the imposition of involuntary servitude in violation of the prohibitions of the Thirteenth Amendment, we are constrained to the conclusion that the contention to that effect is refuted by its mere statement.[25] † It is therefore clear that legal battle appears a weak option because the court could still sustain legality so the decision is political and which using the result of the recent elections would show that the volunteer army is the better option. Conclusion: The evidence would go for continuing volunteer army instead of selective service draft. To serve ones’ country it is best to respect voluntary service.Americans need not be reinstated the military service if it could continue with volunteer army To force young Americans to join the draft was a difficult experience in the past where enlisted personnel failed or dese rted, constituting a big percentage. The compulsory draft in the past was made to address to an emergency. The executive department through the defense chief declared the lack of need to restore the military since the government can still have volunteer army.Forcing people to render a military service is being viewed as having the element of coercion which is one the greatest objection to selective military draft but the latter is arguing on the basis to shared sacrifice and therefore invoking equality. However, opponents of military draft rationalized that equality need not violated liberty which the Constitution was made to promote. The present jurisprudence however holds that force military draft is constitutional and hence the issue of legality may still allow the decision to pursue military draft over that of volunteer army.Since there is no emergency to invoke military draft, then said option must not be pursued. Works and Cases Cited: Burns, Robert, Defense Chief Sees No Need to Reintroduce the Military Draft, The Associated Press , Agonist Discussion, Re:WILL THE US FEEL A DRAFT SOON? , Reply #26 on: April 22, 2004, 03:44:24 PM, {www document} URL, http://discuss. agonist. org//? board=1%3Baction=display%3Bthreadid=18596%3Bstart=0,, Accessed November 28,2006.Greenberg, David. Rough Draft, The revive-conscription movement has history against it., 2003 {www document} URL http://www. slate. com/? id=2077346, Accessed November 28,2006 Millett, J. , The Organization and Role of the Army Service Forces.. Publisher: Office of the Chief of Military History, Washington, DC, 1954, p. 261 Schenck v. United States, 249 U. S. 47, 50-51 (1919) Selective Draft Law Cases 245 U. S. 366 (1918). Smolla, R. , The Constitutionality of Mandatory Public School Community Service Programs. Law and Contemporary Problems. Volume: 62. Issue: 4. Publication Year: 1999. p. 113

Philippine Literature In The Spanish Colonial Period Essay

The existing literature of the Philippine ethnic groups at the time of conquest and conversion into Christianity was mainly oral, consisting of epics, legends, songs, riddles, and proverbs. The conquistador, especially its ecclesiastical arm, destroyed whatever written literature he could find, and hence rendered the system of writing inoperable. Among the only native systems of writing that have survived are the syllabaries of the Mindoro Mangyans and the Tagbanua of Palawan. The Spanish colonial strategy was to undermine the native oral tradition by substituting for it the story of the Passion of Christ. Although Christ was by no means war-like or sexually attractive as many of the heroes of the oral epic tradition, the appeal of the Jesus myth inhered in the protagonist’s superior magic: by promising eternal life for everyone, he democratized the power to rise above death. It is to be emphasized, however, that the native tradition survived and even flourished in areas inacc essible to the colonial power. Moreover, the tardiness and the lack of assiduity of the colonial administration in making a public educational system work meant the survival of oral tradition, or what was left of it, among the conquered tribes. The church authorities adopted a policy of spreading the Church doctrines by communicating to the native (pejoratively called Indio) in his own language. Doctrina Christiana (1593), the first book to be printed in the Philippines, was a prayerbook written in Spanish with an accompanying Tagalog translation. It was, however, for the exclusive use of the missionaries who invariably read them aloud to the unlettered Indio catechumens (Medina), who were to rely mainly on their memory. But the task of translating religious instructional materials obliged the Spanish missionaries to take a most practical step, that of employing native speakers as translators. Eventually, the native translator learned to read and write both in Spanish and his native language. (Forms of Literature)This development marked the beginning of Indio literacy and thus spurred the creation of the first written literary native text by the native. These writers, called ladinos because of their fluency in both  Spani sh and Tagalog, published their work, mainly devotional poetry, in the first decade of the 17th century. Among the earliest writers of note were Francisco de San Jose and Francisco Bagongbata (Medina). But by far the most gifted of these native poet-translators was Gaspar Aquino de Belen (Lumbera, p.14). Mahal Na Pasion ni Jesu Christo, a Tagalog poem based on Christ’s passion, was published in 1704. This long poem, original and folksy in its rendition of a humanized, indeed, a nativized Jesus, is a milestone in the history of Philippine letters. Ironically — and perhaps just because of its profound influence on the popular imagination — as artifact it marks the beginning of the end of the old mythological culture and a conversion to the new paradigm introduced by the colonial power. Until the 19th century, the printing presses were owned and managed by the religious orders. Thus, religious themes dominated the culture of the Christianized majority. But the native oral literature, whether secular or mythico-religious continued. Even among the Christianized ethnic groups, the oral tradition persisted in such forms as legends, sayings, wedding songs such as the b alayan and parlor theater such as the duplo. In the 18th century, secular literature from Spain in the form of medieval ballads inspired the native poetic-drama form called the komedya, later to be called moro-moro because these often dealt with the theme of Christians triumphing over Moslems. (Peronality) Jose de la Cruz (1746 – 1829) was the foremost exponent of the komedya during his time. A poet of prodigious output and urbane style, de la Cruz marks a turning point in that his elevated diction distinguishes his work from folk idiom (as for instance, that of Gaspar Aquino de Belen). Yet his appeal to the non-literate was universal. The popularity of the dramatic form, of which he was a master, was due to it being experienced as performance both by the lettered minority and the illiterate but genuinely appreciative majority. Francisco Baltazar (1788 – 1862), popularly called Balagtas, is the acknowledged master of traditional Tagalog poetry. Of peasant origins, he left his hometown in Bigaa, Bulacan for Manila, with a strong determination to improve his lot through education. To support his studies, he worked as a domestic servant in Tondo. He steeped himself in classical studies in schools of prestige in the capital. Great social and political changes in the world worked together to make Balagtas’ career as poet  possible. The industrial revolution had caused a great movement of commerce in the globe, creating wealth and the opportunity for material improvement in the life of the working classes. With these great material changes, social values were transformed, allowing greater social mobility. In short, he was a child of the global bourgeois revolution. Liberal ideas, in time, broke class — and, in the Philippines — even racial barriers (Medina). The word Filipino, which used to refer to a restricted group (i.e., Spaniards born in the Philippines) expanded to include not only the acculturated wealthy Chinese mestizo but also the acculturated Indio (Medina). Balagtas was one of the first Indios to become a Filipino. But the crucial element in Balagtas’ unique genius is that, being caught between two cultures (the native and the colonial/classical), he could switch codes (or was perceived by his compatriot audience to be switching codes), provide insight and information to his oppressed compatriots in the very style and guise of a tradition provided him by a foreign (and oppressive) culture. His narrative poem Florante at Laura written in sublime Tagalog, is about tyranny in Albanya, but it is also perceived to be about tyranny in his Filipino homeland (Lumbera). Despite the foreign influence, however, he remained true to his native traditions. His verse plays were performed to the motley crowd. His poems were sung by the literate for the benefit of the unlettered. The metrical regularity and rhyme performed their age-old mnemonic function, despite and because of the introduction of printing. Printing overtook tradition. The printed page, by itself, became the mnemonic device, the stage set for the development of prose. The first Filipino novel was Ninay, written in Spanish by Pedro Paterno, a Philippine-bornilustrado (Medina p. 93). Following the sentimental style of his first book Sampaguitas (a collection of poems in Spanish), the novel endeavored to highlight the endearingly unique qualities of Filipinos. National Hero Jose Rizal (1861 – 1896) chose the realis tic novel as his medium. Choosing Spanish over Tagalog meant challenging the oppressors on the latter’s own turf. By writing in prose, Rizal also cut his ties with the Balagtas tradition of the figurative indirection which veiled the supposed subversiveness of many writings at that time. Rizal’s two novels, the Noli Me Tangere and its sequel El Filibusterismo, chronicle the life and ultimate death of Ibarra, a Filipino educated abroad, who attempts to reform  his country through education. At the conclusion of the Noli, his efforts end in near-death and exile from his country. In the Filibusterismo, he returns after reinventing himself as Simoun, the wealthy jeweler, and hastens social decay by further corrupting the social fabric till the oppressed react violently to overthrow the system. But the insurrection is foiled and Simoun suffers a violent death. In a sense, Rizal’s novels and patriotic poems were the inevitable conclusion to the campaign for liberal reforms known as the Propaganda Movement, waged by Graciano Lopez Jaena, and M.H. del Pilar. The two novels so vividly portrayed corruption and oppression that despite the lack of any clear advocacy, they served to instill the conviction that there could be no solution to the social ills but a violent one. Following closely on the failed reformist movement, and on Rizal’s novels, was the Philippine revolution headed by Andres Bonifacio (1863 – 1897). His closest aide, the college-bred Emilio Jacinto (1875 – 1899), was the revolutionary organization’s ideologue. Both were admirers of Rizal, and like Rizal, both were writers and social critics profoundly influenced by the liberal ideas of the French enlightenment, about human dignity. Bonifacio’s most important work are his poems, the most well-known being Pag-Ibig Sa Tinubuang Lupa. Jacinto wrote political essays expressed in the language of the folk. Significantly, although either writer could have written in Spanish (Bonifacio, for instance, wrote a Tagalog translation of Rizal’s Ultimo Adios), both chose to communicate to their fellowmen in their own native language. The figure of Rizal dominates Philippine literature until the present day. Liberalism led to education of the native and the ascendancy of Spanish. But Spanish was undermined by the very ideas of liberation that it helped spread, and its decline led to nativism and a renaissance of literature in the native languages. The turn of the century witnessed not only the Philippine revolution but a quieter though no less significant outbreak. The educated women of the period produced significant poetry. Gregoria de Jesus, wife of Andres Bonifacio, wrote notable Tagalog poetry. Meanwhile, in Vigan of the Ilocano North, Leona Florentino, by her poetry, became the foremost Ilocano writer of her time. Philippine literary production during the American Period in the Philippines was spurred by two significant developments in education and culture. One is the introduction of free public instruction for all children of school age and two, the use of English as medium of instruction in all levels of education in public schools. Free public education made knowledge and information accessible to a greater number of Filipinos. Those who availed of this education through college were able to improve their social status and joined a good number of educated masses who became part of the country’s middle class. The use of English as medium of instruction introduced Filipinos to Anglo-American modes of thought, culture and life ways that would be embedded not only in the literature produced but also in the psyche of the country’s educated class. It was this educated class that would be the wellspring of a vibrant Philippine Literature in English. Philippine literature in English, as a direct result of American colonization of the country, could not escape being imitative of American models of writing especially during its period of apprenticeship. The poetry written by early poets manifested studied attempts at versification as in the following poem which is proof of the poet’s rather elementary exercise in the English language: Vacation days at last are here, And we have time for fun so dear, All boys and girls do gladly cheer, This welcomed season of the year. In early June in school we’ll meet; A harder task shall we complete And if we fail we must repeat That self same task without retreat. We simply rest to come again To school where boys and girls obtain The Creator’s gift to men Whose sanguine hopes in us remain. Vacation means a time for play For young and old in night and day My wish for all is to be gay, And evil none lead you astray – Juan F. Salazar Philippines Free Press, May 9, 1909 The poem was anthologized in the first collection of poetry in English, Filipino Poetry, edited by Rodolfo Dato (1909 – 1924). Among the poets featured in this anthology were Proceso Sebastian Maximo Kalaw, Fernando Maramag, Leopoldo Uichanco, Jose Ledesma, Vicente Callao, Santiago Sevilla, Bernardo Garcia, Francisco Africa, Pablo Anzures, Carlos P. Romulo, Francisco Tonogbanua, Juan Pastrana, Maria Agoncillo, Paz Marquez Benitez, Luis Dato and many others. Another anthology, The English German Anthology of Poets edited by Pablo Laslo was published and covered poets published from 1924-1934 among whom were Teofilo D. Agcaoili, Aurelio Alvero, Horacio de la Costa, Amador T. Daguio, Salvador P. Lopez, Angela Manalang Gloria, Trinidad Tarrosa, Abelardo Subido and Jose Garcia Villa, among others. A third pre-war collection of poetry was edited by Carlos Bulosan, Chorus for America: Six Philippine Poets. The six poets in this collection were Jose Garcia Villa, Rafael Zulueta da Cos ta, Rodrigo T. Feria, C.B. Rigor, Cecilio Baroga and Carlos Bulosan. In fiction, the period of apprenticeship in literary writing in English is marked by imitation of the style of storytelling and strict adherence to the craft of the short story as practiced by popular American fictionists. Early short story writers in English were often dubbed as the Andersons or Saroyans or the Hemingways of Philippine letters. Leopoldo Yabes in his study of the Philippine short story in English from 1925 to 1955 points to these models of American fiction exerting profound influence on the early writings of story writers like Francisco Arcellana, A.E. Litiatco, Paz Latorena. . When the University of the Philippines was founded in 1908, an elite group of writers in English began to exert influence among the culturati. The U.P. Writers Club founded in 1926, had stated that one of its aims was to enhance and propagate the â€Å"language of Shakespeare.† In 1925, Paz Marquez Benitez short story, â€Å"Dead Stars† was published and was made the landmark of the maturity of the Filipino writer in English. Soon after Benitez, short story writers began publishing stories no longer imitative of American models. Thus, story writers like Icasiano Calalang, A.E. Litiatco, Arturo Rotor, Lydia Villanueva, Paz Latorena , Manuel Arguilla began publishing stories  manifesting both skilled use of the language and a keen Filipino sensibility. This combination of writing in a borrowed tongue while dwelling on Filipino customs and traditions earmarked the literary output of major Filipino fictionists in English during the American period. Thus, the major novels of the period, such as the Filipino Rebel, by Maximo Kalaw, and His Native Soil by Juan C. Laya, are discourses on cultural identity, nationhood and being Filipino done in the English language. Stories such as â€Å"How My Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife† by Manuel Arguilla scanned the scenery as well as the folkways of Ilocandia while N.V. M. Gonzales’s novels and stories such as â€Å"Children of the Ash Covered Loam,† present the panorama of Mindoro, in all its customs and traditions while configuring its characters in the human dilemma of nostalgia and poverty. Apart from Arguilla and Gonzales, noted fictionists during the period included Francisco Arcellana, whom Jose Garcia Villa lauded as a â€Å"genius† storyteller, Consorcio Borje, Aida Rivera, Conrado Pedroche, Amador Daguio, Sinai Hamada, Hernando Ocampo, Fernando Maria Guerrero. Jose Garcia Villa himself wrote several short stories but devoted most of his time to poetry. In 1936, when the Philippine Writers League was organized, Filipino writers in English began discussing the value of literature in society. Initiated and led by Salvador P. Lopez, whose essays on Literature and Society provoked debates, the discussion centered on proletarian literature, i.e., engaged or committed literature versus the art for art’s sake literary orientation. But this discussion curiously left out the issue of colonialism and colonial literature and the whole place of literary writing in English under a colonial set-up that was the Philippines then. With Salvador P. Lopez, the essay in English gained the upper hand in day to day discourse on politics and governance. Polemicists who used to write in Spanish like Claro M. Recto, slowly started using English in the discussion of current events even as newspaper dailies moved away from Spanish reporting into English. Among the essayists, Federico Mangahas had an easy facility with the language and the essay as genre. Other noted essayists during the period were Fernando Maramag, Carlos P. Romulo , Conrado Ramirez. On the other hand, the flowering of a vibrant literary tradition due to historical events did not altogether hamper literary production in the native or indigenous languages. In fact, the early period of the 20th century was  remarkable for the significant literary output of all major languages in the various literary genre. (Forms Of lit) It was during the early American period that seditious plays, using the form of the zarsuwela, were mounted. Zarsuwelistas Juan Abad, Aurelio Tolentino ,Juan Matapang Cruz. Juan Crisostomo Sotto mounted the classics like Tanikalang Ginto, Kahapon, Ngay on at Bukas and Hindi Ako Patay, all directed against the American imperialists. Patricio Mariano’s Anak ng Dagat and Severino Reyes’s Walang Sugat are equally remarkable zarsuwelas staged during the period. On the eve of World War II, Wilfredo Maria Guerrero would gain dominance in theatre through his one-act plays which he toured through his â€Å"mobile theatre†. Thus, Wanted a Chaperone and The Forsaken House became very popular in campuses throughout the archipelago. The novel in Tagalog, Iloko, Hiligaynon and Sugbuanon also developed during the period aided largely by the steady publication of weekly magazines like the Liwayway, Bannawag and Bisaya which serialized the novels. Among the early Tagalog novelists of the 20th century were Ishmael Amado, Valeriano Hernandez Peà ±a, Faustino Aguilar, Lope K. Santos and Lazaro Francisco. Ishmael Amado’s Bulalakaw ng Pag-asa published in 1909 was one of the earliest novels that dealt with the theme of American imperialism in the Philippines. The novel, however, was not released from the printing press until 1916, at which time, the author, by his own admission and after having been sent as a pensionado to the U.S., had other ideas apart from those he wrote in the novel. Valeriano Hernandez Peà ±a’s Nena at Neneng narrates the story of two women who happened to be best of friends as they cope with their relationships with the men in their lives. Nena succeeds in her married life while Neneng suffers from a stormy marriage because of her jealous husband. Faustino Aguilar published Pinaglahuan, a love triangle set in the early years of the century when the worker’s movement was being formed. The novel’s hero, Luis Gatbuhay, is a worker in a printery who isimprisoned for a false accusation and loses his love, Danding, to his rival Rojalde, son of a wealthy capitalist. Lope K. Santos, Banaag at Sikat has almost the same theme and motif as the hero of the novel, Delfin, also falls in love with a rich woma n, daughter of a wealthy landlord. The love story of course is set also within the background of development of the worker’s trade union movement  and throughout the novel, Santos engages the readers in lengthy treatises and discourses on socialism and capitalism. Many other Tagalog novelists wrote on variations of the same theme, i.e., the interplay of fate, love and social justice. Among these writers are Inigo Ed Regalado, Roman Reyes, Fausto J. Galauran, Susana de Guzman, Rosario de Guzman-Lingat, Lazaro Francisco, Hilaria Labog, Rosalia Aguinaldo, Amado V. Hernandez. Many of these writers were able to produce three or more novels as Soledad Reyes would bear out in her book which is the result of her dissertation, Ang Nobelang Tagalog (1979). Among the Iloko writers, noted novelists were Leon Pichay, who was also the region’s poet laureate then, Hermogenes Belen, and Mena Pecson Crisologo whose Mining wenno Ayat ti Kararwa is considered to be the Iloko version of a Noli me Tangere. In the Visayas, Magdalena Jalandoni and Ramon Muzones would lead most writers in writing the novels that dwelt on the themes of love, courtship, life in the farmlands, and other social upheavals of the period. Marcel Navarra wrote stories and novels in Su gbuhanon. Poetry in all languages continued to flourish in all regions of the country during the American period. The Tagalogs, hailing Francisco F. Balagtas as the nation’s foremost poet invented the balagtasan in his honor. Thebalagtasan is a debate in verse, a poetical joust done almost spontaneously between protagonists who debate over the pros and cons of an issue. The first balagtasan was held in March 1924 at the Instituto de Mujeres, with Jose Corazon de Jesus and Florentino Collantes as rivals, bubuyog (bee) and paru-paro (butterfly) aiming for the love of kampupot (jasmine). It was during this balagtasan that Jose Corazon de Jesus, known as Huseng Batute, emerged triumphant to become the first king of the Balagtasan. Jose Corazon de Jesus was the finest master of the genre. He was later followed by balagtasistas, Emilio Mar Antonio and Crescenciano Marquez, who also became King of the Balagtasan in their own time. As Huseng Batute, de Jesus also produced the finest poems and lyrics during the period. His debates with Amado V. Hernandez on the political issue of independence from America and nationhood were mostly done in verse and are testament to the vitality of Tagalog poetry during the era. Lope K. Santos, epic poem, Ang Panggingera is also proof of how poets of the period have come to master the language to be able to translate it into effective poetry. The balagtasan would be  echoed as a poetical fiesta and would be duplicated in the Ilocos as thebukanegan, in honor of Pedro Bukaneg, the supposed transcriber of the epic, Biag ni Lam-ang; and theCrissottan, in Pampanga, in honor of the esteemed poet of the Pampango, Juan Crisostomo Sotto. In 1932, Alejandro G. Abadilla , armed with new criticism and an orientation on modernist poetry would taunt traditional Tagalog poetics with the publication of his poem, â€Å"Ako ang Daigdig.† Abadilla’s poetry began the era of modernism in Tagalog poetry, a departure from the traditional rhymed, measured and orally recited poems. Modernist poetry which utilized free or blank verses was intended more for silent reading than oral delivery. Noted poets in Tagalog during the American period were Julian Cruz Balmaceda, Florentino Collantes, Pedro Gatmaitan, Jose Corazon de Jesus, Benigno Ramos, Inigo Ed. Regalado, Ildefonso Santos, Lope K. Santos, Aniceto Silvestre, Emilio Mar. Antonio , Alejandro Abadilla and Teodoro Agoncillo. Like the writers in English who formed themselves into organizations, Tagalog writers also formed the Ilaw at Panitik, and held discussions and workshops on the value of literature in society. Benigno Ramos, was one of the most politicized poets of the period as he aligned himself with the peasants of the Sakdal Movement. Fiction in Tagalog as well as in the other languages of the regions developed alongside the novel. Most fictionists are also novelists. Brigido Batungbakal , Macario Pineda and other writers chose to dwell on the vicissitudes of life in a changing rural landscape. Deogracias Del Rosario on the other hand, chose the city and the emerging social elite as subjects of his stories. He is considered the father of the modern short story in Tagalog Among the more popular fictionists who emerged during the period are two women writers, Liwayway Arceo and Genoveva Edroza Matute, considered forerunners in the use of â€Å"light† fiction, a kind of story telling that uses language through poignant rendition. Genoveva Edroza Matute’s â€Å"Ako’y Isang Tinig† and Liwayway Arceo’s â€Å"Uhaw ang Tigang na Lupa† have been used as models of fine writing in Filipino by teachers of composition throughout the school system. Teodoro Agoncillo’s anthology 25 Pinakamahusay na Maiikling Kuwento (1945) included the foremost writers of fiction in the pre-war era. The separate, yet parallel developments of Philippine literature in English and those in Tagalog and other languages of the archipelago during the  American period only prove that literature and writing in whatever language and in whatever climate are able to survive mainly through the active imagination of writers. Apparently, what was lacking during the period was for the writers in the various languages to come together, share experiences and come to a conclusion on the elements that constitute good writing in the Philippines.

Benchmarking in Business Essays

Benchmarking in Business Essays Benchmarking in Business Essay Benchmarking in Business Essay Benchmarking in Business Many benchmarking professionals believe that the most important type of benchmarking is business process benchmarking. Business process benchmarking is based on the concept of 5w2h which was developed by Alan Robinson. It is labeled as such because the business benchmarking process should result in the answers to seven questions. Five of those questions begin with w which stands for (who, what, when, where, and why), and the h stands for (how, and how much). The 5w2h questions should be viewed in the context of a process. The inputs are known as people, machines, materials, and design that combine to form a product or service which are all combined into what is known as the conversion process. In the conversion process the inputs are aligned together to form the product or service. The conversion process results in outputs that are eventually sold to customers. Robert Camp developed a business process benchmarking process which has 10 steps. The steps are as follows: (1) decide what to benchmark, (2) identify whom to benchmark, (3) plan and conduct the investigation, (4) determine the current performance gap, (5) project future performance levels, (6) communicate benchmarking findings and gain acceptance, (7) revise performance goals, (8) develop action plans, (9) implement specific actions and monitor progress, and (10) recalibrate the benchmarks. Benchmarking is a managed process. Robert Camp also specifies a management process for business benchmarking that includes 5 phases. They are planning, analysis, integration, action, and maturity. Managing the benchmarking process involves establishing, supporting and sustaining the benchmarking program. Other activities for management include providing management awareness training, establishing a benchmarking competency center, developing guidelines for information sharing and overseeing the development of business protocol. Training is the key to success in quality management especially in the benchmarking process. Any participant must have project management skills and be familiar with benchmarking approaches and protocols. Firms are also facing the decisions of base lining and reengineering. Reengineering is a fundamental rethinking and redesign of a business process. Base lining requires the monitoring of key internal firm performance measures over time to identify trends such as improvement or decline to inform managerial decision making. The base lining process involves identifying measures, establishing time frames for future data collection, gathering data, and analyzing data on an ongoing basis to identify performance trends and changes. The benchmarking code of conduct is made up of principles which are the principle of legality, exchange, confidentiality, use, first-party contact, third-party contact, and preparation. Managing Quality, Integrating the Supply Chain, by S. Thomas Foster, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall, 2007

Pros and Cons of Homeschooling for Military Families

Pros and Cons of Homeschooling for Military Families With military families changing duty stations an average of six to nine times over a 20-year career, homeschooling has a distinct appeal. Ensuring that military kids get a high-quality education can be challenging. It’s no secret that states may have discrepancies in educational requirements (though Common Core serves to narrow these gaps) and this can lead to gaps or repetition in a child’s education. While there are programs in place to help children keep consistency in their academic journey, there are no guarantees. As a result, some military families end up thinking about whether part-time or full-time homeschooling might provide a workable solution.   Parents considering making the switch to homeschooling should consider the pros and cons of this form of education before leaving traditional schooling behind. Homeschooling Benefits Homeschooling allows children to follow an individualized learning plan. Whether you decide to use a correspondence program or complete your own lesson plans, you can work at a pace that fits your child’s unique learning style. And if your children have different approaches and strengths in school, you can use different curriculum providers for different members of the family. Homeschooling also provides flexibility for families. If youre facing a military move in the middle of the school year, no problem! You decide when â€Å"summer† vacation occurs. You can give your child three one-month breaks throughout the year, a standard three-month summer, or whatever works for your family. To keep the kids on track, give them a book list to read on your travels, and let them prepare a presentation on their favorite. With homeschooling, the curriculum progresses consistently at your child’s unique learning rate, no matter where you are. From Germany to Lewis-McCord, you’re covered on every base! This is a huge benefit for military families. Many home teaching and correspondence programs have online options that allow you to connect to top-tier teaching facilities. Homeschooling Challenges One of the great things about school is the social interactions they allow children to have with peers. Homeschooling a child limits these interactions, but, fortunately, many military bases have activities and camps that allow kids to connect with one another. You can also get involved with a local place of worship or community recreation facility to find opportunities for children to get out of the house and meet new friends. You may also be able to get together with other homeschooling families, which will give the kids an opportunity to socialize or work on team projects. Parents who homeschool also face the challenge of deciding whether theyre equipped to teach their children a variety of subjects. Many people struggle in at least one subject area, and some states have determined that parents should be qualified to teach their children. As a result, they have implemented homeschool parent qualification requirements. Make sure you meet these requirements before you start down the homeschool path. If you struggle in a certain area, a correspondence or distance learning program might make more sense for that subject. If several subjects are difficult for you, homeschooling may not be a good fit for your family at all. It’s all about knowing your own limits and doing what’s best for your children. That said, if there are other homeschooling families nearby, you may be able to rely on other parents’ strengths in areas where you’re a little weaker, and vice versa. Keep in mind that should you be reassigned to a different city, youll likely lose access to these parents. Finally, homeschooling your children may mean they miss out on college scholarships from participating in sports or other extracurricular activities. However, changing duty stations in the middle of high school might have the same effect. To help your teens qualify for college scholarships, you may want to consider enrolling them in community college courses and programs that will demonstrate their initiative and academic ability instead.

Globalization and trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Globalization and trade - Essay Example The main drivers of international trade are: Exchange rates Regimes This is the most significant factor affecting international trade. Various nations have implemented the use of different rates of exchange regimes. The picking of the rate of exchange has been in a way controversial without agreements upon the one considered most effective rate of exchange regime in the process of minimising protectionism. The demand and supply for the currencies as well as the resultant relative values can impact the demand for exports and imports. As demand and supply for currencies vary, the values of the same currencies also vary. If the currency is strong then imports are less expensive, and that leads to increased demand for imported products and vice versa. Figure 1: Market price for foreign currency P2 S Price of foreign currency P1 in U.S Dollars D2 D1 D1 Q1 Q2 Historical analysis shows us over time nations used following types of exchange rate regimes. The fixed rate of exchange regime the given central bank ensures maintenance the rate of exchange (Mundel 1963). In the regime of floating rate of exchange; the responsible central bank often never comes into intervention. (Fleming 1962)The controlled exchange rate, when exchange rate is determined by interaction between the intervention of the state and the relationship between demand and supply. (Burr 1960)

Mathematical Methods in Business Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mathematical Methods in Business - Assignment Example The function below approximates the weekly box office receipts for a popular movie, where x = the number of weeks the movie has been playing.  The function below approximates the weekly box office receipts for a popular movie, where x = the number of weeks the movie has been playing.  What is the rate of change of weekly receipts per theater after 10 weeks?The selling price of a product is $400, and the manufacturer is able to sell every unit it makes. The cost of producing x units is given by this formula.A company has developed a function that describes its profit over time. The x variable measures time. If the first derivative of the function is negative at a value of x, it means that the company is not making a profit at that point in time.A function has the characteristics listed in the bullets below. Use the characteristics to construct a rough sketch of the function using this x axis:_________________________________________________________________________________-20                   -15                   -10                  -5                     0                     5                   10                   15                   20†¢ The function has three critical points†¢ When x = -20, the first derivative is positive†¢ When x = -10, the first derivative is zero and the second derivative is negative†¢ When x = 5, the first derivative is zero†¢ When x = 15, the first derivative is zero indicates whether each of these statements is true or false11. T F When x = 0, the first derivative is positive12. T F When x = 5 the second derivative is positive13. T F When x = 15 the second derivative is positive14. T F the basic shape of this curve is more like an M than a W15. T F For any value of x larger than 15, the first derivative will always be negative

Epidemics In America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Epidemics In America - Essay Example Merkel discusses the six epidemics in light of their biological context, their discovery, their distribution, their spread and their prevention of control. Most of the diseases discussed were due to viruses and bacteria. As discussed in the course, a virus is an a-cellular micro-organism. The book elaborates on it. The virus can only reproduce inside living cells where it multiplies. Aids happen due to a virus called HIV. This virus belongs to a virus class known as the retrovirus. Retroviruses are a type of viruses that are made of the RNA or the ribonucleic acid. The RNA makes up for the genetic composition of the retroviruses. HIV first infects the cell. Once the cell has been infected, HIV uses reverse transcriptase to transform RNA into DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid. The DNA keeps on replicating itself by making use of the cell and its machinery. Merkel also spoke about why symptoms of AID take time to show in humans. This is because HIV is a slow virus. The subgroup of viruses t hat it belongs to is known lent viruses or slow viruses. Merkel like-wise elaborates on the biological background of tuberculosis. The concept has also been discussed in class. This disease is caused by a mycobacterium. Mycobacterium was the primary causative agent of tuberculosis back then. Another bacteria called Vibrio cholera is the primary causative agent of cholera. Back then there were no advance medical facilities to deal with these diseases, hence the results of the outbreak used to be even more drastic and worse?... Most of the diseases discussed were due to viruses and bacteria. As discussed in the course, a virus is an a-cellular micro-organism. The book elaborates on it. The virus can only reproduce inside living cells where it multiplies. Aids happen due to a virus called HIV. This virus belongs to a virus class known as retrovirus. Retroviruses are a type of viruses that are made of the RNA or the ribonucleic acid. The RNA makes up for the genetic composition of the retroviruses. HIV first infects the cell. Once the cell has been infected, HIV uses reverse transcriptase to transform RNA into DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid. The DNA keeps on replicating itself by making use of the cell and its machinery. Merkel also spoke about why symptoms of AID take time to show in humans. This is because HIV is a slow virus. The subgroup of viruses that it belongs to is known lent viruses or slow viruses. Merkel like-wise elaborates on the biological background of tuber-culosis. The concept has also been di scussed in class. This disease is caused by a myco-bacterium. Mycobacterium was the primary causative agent of tuberculosis back then. Another bactetia called vibrio cholera is the primary causative agent of cholera. Back then there were no advance medical facilities to deal with these diseases, hence the results of the outbreak used to be even more drastic and worse? Markel’s explains, rather elaborately six major infectious diseases i.e. tuberculosis plague, typhus, cholera, AIDS and bubonic plague. Most of the epidemics were due to bacteria. Typhus was caused by a bacterium called Ricktessia. The prevalent of epidemics due to bacteria was particularly emphasized.Merkel makes special reference to Koach’s postulate for disease causation in his book. Pathogen is present in all

Ford Motor Companys Human resource management

Ford Motor Companys Human resource management Executive Summary Human resource management is one of the pillars on which stands the foundation of any and every organization. It deals with various aspects of organizational structure and looks into several organizational policies thereby playing a vital role in strategic planning of an organization. Though human resource management is a vast topic, job analysis and recruiting processes are highly significant. Thus, through this weekly summary, this paper will answer various discussion questions pertaining to the same. This essay will look at Ford pertaining to the organizational infrastructure including recruiting procedures, job descriptions, its elements, classifications, job analysis and methodologies as well as elements has a major scope in the corporate world. However, what I found the most important as well as the most interesting and pragmatic sub topic through this weeks learning experience is all about performance appraisal or performance evaluation. Performance appraisal is a â€Å"distinct and formal management procedure used in the evaluation of work performance† (Introduction: Performance Appraisal) or as the detailed definition of the procedure suggests, performance evaluation a structured formal interaction between a subordinate and supervisor, that usually takes the form of a periodic interview (annual or semi-annual), in which the work performance of the subordinate is examined and discussed, with a view to identifying weaknesses and strengths as well as opportunities for improvement and skills development† (Introduction: Performance Appraisal). Hence, the importance of performance evaluation becomes obvious and can be applied to our organization through various methodologies including graphic scale, checklist, forced choice, ranking, paired comparison, forced distribution, MBO, and BARS (Dessler, 2000) as well as with the aid of incentives, bonuses and word of appreciation and a pat on the back. Research by Luis et al. (2001) suggests that performance evaluation when applied adequately can reap massive fruitful results including improved customer satisfaction diffusing from employee satisfaction, ameliorated work performance and product quality, ease in retaining trained and diligent work force and so on and so forth. Business Strategy Review: Ford Motor Company is a global corporation made up of the worlds most recognizable cars, trucks, and Suvs (www.fordmotorcompany.com). It consists of eight major companies that can be separated into three categories based on their origins. First there is Mazda, which comes from Japan. Next we have the American automotives, which are Ford, Lincoln, and Mercury. The third group consists of European cars, and they are Land Rover, Aston Martin, Jaguar, and Volvo. Together they make the Ford Motor company the worlds second largest manufacturer of cars and trucks. The Japanese company offers consumers a wide range of prices, because of this people of all economical stature buy their products. Together the three American companies provide the same price ranges. Finally, the European line is strictly for the high rollers. In this essay, I have researched these eight companies and found that the reason for the Ford Motor Companies success lies within the fact that they have all the consumer gr oups covered. The only company in the first group is Mazda. For the less financially endowed, they have the Protege, and the 626.Those with a little more money might go for the luxury of the Millenia, or perhaps the Miata if they are looking for a sportier car. Mazda also makes a minivan, for all the soccer moms and large families, called the MPV. Price ranges for all of these automotives come from $12,000 and go up to $33,000. The second group also covers the price ranges fairly well. Ford takes care of the cheaper cars with its Focus and Escort, which go for $11,000-12,500. The Explorer is the most purchased SUV in the world, probably because its right in the price range of most working Americans at $16,000-35,000 (except for teachers of course). One of the most popular cars that Ford produces is the Mustang, its got a legacy in America that is backed up by the thousands of people who purchase it ever year, most of which are males that have been blessed with money at an early age. A Mustang starts at $21,000 and goes up to $32,000. Then we have the Lincoln, purchased by the rich retired people and the Mafia. All the Lincolns are sleek, luxurious, and expensive. These cars are large and powerful, giving both safety and comfort to their owners. Recently the Navigator was developed, and provided the wealthy people of America with an SUV of their own. At last we come to the third group. All these companies fit well together because of their prices, they are all priced over $36,000. Land Rover provides amazing SUVs to those who have the ability to purchase them. The next three, with the addition of Lincoln, make up the Ford Motor Companies Premier Automotive Group. These three companies aim their sales at upscale consumers worldwide. The Aston Martin is known for its high-tech products, and its high prices as well. Jaguar is an amazing car that combines sportiveness, elegance, and raw power. Volvo itself stands for safety, durability, and a premium mode of transp ort. One cannot drive down any road without seeing a Volvo at some point. The European cars provide toys for even the wealthiest of people and back their prices by producing the most precise and breathtaking cars to hit the road. HR Strategy Planning and strategic decisions about recruiting include both internal and external recruiting. There are various internal sources of recruiting that work effectively to accomplish the targeted organizational goals. As Buford, Bedeian Lindner (1995) Zoller (1996) define, â€Å"recruiting is the process of generating a sufficiently large group of applicants from which to select qualified individuals for available jobs† and apart from the external sources including media advertising, walk-ins, public and private employment agencies, educational institutions, state agencies, government programs, direct recruiting (Lindner Zoller), there are internal sources that are effective. These internal sources of recruiting include employee referrals and internal job postings (Lindner Zoller). Good, experienced, trained and hard working employees when make referrals, organizations must feel obliged. This is because, employee referral is one internal source that has so far proved quite effective in the recruiting procedure worldwide. Employee referrals minimize the work load and share the responsibility with the management which otherwise remains solely responsible for recruiting the right people at the right time (Lindner Zoller). What makes this internal source effective is the reason that those applicants that are referred by the working employees have a clearer picture of the organizational expectations, aims and vision and can shape their expectations from the organization and their duties accordingly in a better fashion than applicants that are recruited directly through other sources (Lindner Zoller). Another very effective internal source of recruiting is internal job postings. Vacancies year round can be filled in by the working as well as the deserving employees that can be found, located and analyzed internally through the application of performance appraisal. â€Å"These vacancies may represent promotions (upward moves) or transfers (lateral moves). Posting and circulating notices of vacancies maximizes employee awareness of job openings. The notice should include such items as title, department, job summary, qualifications, and salary and should be placed on bulletin boards, announced in meetings, and otherwise communicated to employees† (Lindner Zoller). Thus, this internal source of recruiting remains effective to date as it involves internal inspection and review of the working employees without having to tap the external sources. Interviewing is one of the principal elements of recruiting and obviously the most crucial of all. Both the interviewer as well as the interviewee need to be well-prepared, focused, confident and most of all considerate and well- informed. However, an interviewer must have a clear knowledge what he or she can and must or should ask. The kinds of questions depend basically on the types of interviews. There are roughly and generally three kinds of interviews that classify the types of questions that an interviewer can ask the applicant during the process of recruitment (Insurance Staffing Consultants Inc). These types include: (Insurance Staffing Consultants Inc.) Ø Structured Interview (Insurance Staffing Consultants Inc.) Ø Unstructured Interview (Insurance Staffing Consultants Inc.) Ø Behavioral Interview (Insurance Staffing Consultants Inc.) Hence, an interviewer can ask direct, highly focused, rigid, limited, specific and definitive questions with the aid of â€Å"Structured interviews† (Insurance Staffing Consultants Inc.). These questions include pointed questions that belong to a particular set of questions or are a part of the sequence. Through unstructured interviews, an interviewer can ask questions that are more â€Å"conversational† and involve a rather â€Å"give and take of information† (Insurance Staffing Consultants Inc.). In addition to the above, an interviewer can ask questions as classified by the behavioral interviews wherein â€Å"the interviewer will ask very pointed questions regarding how you have handled specific kinds of situations, or how you would anticipate dealing with the kinds of challenges presented on the job. A sample question in a behavioral interview might be describe a situation in which you were able to use persuasion to successfully convince someone to see thing s your way or describe a time you dealt with a difficult customer or co-worker† (Insurance Staffing Consultants Inc.). Sample questions that an interviewer may ask, include the following: (*All questions are taken verbatim from the research sources under consideration) What are your career goals and objectives? (Insurance Staffing Consultants Inc.) Tell me something about yourself. (Insurance Staffing Consultants Inc.) What do you see yourself doing five years from now? (Mulligan) How do you make yourself indispensable to a company? (Mulligan) Whats your greatest strength? (Mulligan) Whats your greatest weakness? (Mulligan) Tell me about a time when your course load was heavy. How did you complete all your work? (Mulligan) Tell me about a time when you had to accomplish a task with someone who was particularly difficult to get along with. (Mulligan) How do you accept direction and, at the same time, maintain a critical stance regarding your ideas and values? (Mulligan) What are some examples of activities and surroundings that motivate you? (Mulligan) Tell me how you handled an ethical dilemma. (Mulligan) Tell me about a time when you had to resolve a problem with no rules or guidelines in place. (Mulligan) However, where there are certain guidelines for interviewers for asking the possible questions that can be termed as positive. Interviewers must be very careful regarding the critical as well as responsible job that they are shouldering. On the same account, interviewers must not ask certain questions that should be avoided. These interview questions include those questions that might provoke the interviewee. In addition to the above, questions that are capable of or have even a slight probability of providing a cultural clash or serve as communication barriers or are too personal must not be inquired by the interviewee who is the prospective employee of the company. Questions that are capable of compelling the applicants to get off the track and get offended or burst out must be avoided at all costs. Discriminatory questions or questions that reflect the interviewers bias or prejudice or suggest offensive remarks or the â€Å"systems† prejudice must be avoided at the time of the interview. Moreover, in case of the interviewer and the interviewee belonging to different genders, questions that suggest gender discrimination thereby arousing sentiments of resentment must also be avoided. Thus all sorts of questions or statements that have even the slightest possibility of creating negative emotions including irritation, mental disturbance, feelings of resentment, hatred or might offend (and so on and so forth) the interviewee must be avoided by the interviewer during the process of recruitment that is while interviewing. Budget: Flexible Staffing Flexible staffing options have various advantages as well as disadvantages. Here is a list pertaining to the same: Ø â€Å"Temporary reassignment† is one of the primary flexible staffing options. With the help of temporary reassignment, organizations can â€Å"cross-train† their employees thereby generating â€Å"generalists and specialists† (Flexible staffing Options).however, disadvantages include affected employee morale. This is because â€Å"the employee may feel that management is using him or her. Clear and positive communication is essential in these situations† (Flexible staffing Options). Moreover, â€Å"managers must monitor the assignment and determine a course of action should the assignment become permanent† (Flexible staffing Options). Ø â€Å"Job Sharing† is another form of flexible staffing. It also has various advantages and disadvantages. Advantages include the following: Ø Organizations benefit economically in a way that they save fifty percent of the performance incentives when employees share duties and do not hold full-time status (Flexible staffing Options). Moreover, the over time charges are also occasionally applicable and â€Å"employee satisfaction and productivity is often increased because the job structure has provided the hours needed to meet personal concerns and he/she generally has the energy and motivation to produce more in less time† (Flexible staffing Options). Ø However, there are several jobs that cannot have a dual nature and therefore cannot simply be shared among employees. Furthermore, the â€Å"paperwork† increases to almost double when more employees are working on the similar tasks. â€Å"Job sharers would need to have similar organizational styles, be able to communicate effectively and efficiently, and work together well and if one job sharer resigns, it can sometimes be difficult to recruit another person in a timely manner to share the position† (Flexible staffing Options). Conclusion Hence from the above discussion, it is evident that human resource management is a vast field with a wide scope and offers a rich array of sub fields regarding personnel management as the weekly summary suggests. Success of the recruitment plan can be gauged with the aid of constant review and weekly or bi- monthly or monthly and quite often annual evaluation of the recruitment plan. Thorough scrutiny can reveal the weaknesses and strengths of the recruitment plan thereby revealing the success factor of the recruiting and staffing strategies. The performance of the recruiters both the recently hired employees and the previously more trained employees can be used as one of the most obvious, pragmatic, clear and expedient metric to evaluate the success of the recruitment plan. Sound and professionally efficient performance of the recruiters will imply that the recruitment plan is successful. Lethargic and upsetting performance by the recruiters that might disturb the organizational equilibrium and serve as the obstacle in the path of the organizations success can be used as the evaluation tool for the success of the recruitment plan. Moreover, review of the recruitment plan in terms of the guid elines given by various consulting firms and other organizations can also help in gauging the success of the recruitment plan. The best way to handle a candidates competing job offer is to exactly know the requirements or simply put the demands of the candidate. If money is the motivator or professional prestige in terms of the designation or a fancy title is what the candidate is looking for, simply hit the point and provide him with better incentives, bonuses or an attractive package which he finds far better than the opposing firm. Moreover, look for the weaknesses of the competing firm and try to focus on your strengths and bargain accordingly both with the candidate and the competitor if need arise. In order to make a recruiting plan work for the well-being of ones organization, it is highly significant that ALL the strategic recruiting considerations must be addressed by the human resource managers in a recruiting plan. This is because if the strategic recruiting considerations are not addressed, chances are that the organization might fall prey to the highly competitive nature of the corporate world. With the world rapidly transmuting into a global village, firms need to be strategically sound in their recruitment procedures in order to hire the best possible employees available to the market thereby generating huge profits and augmenting customer satisfaction as well as establishing their reputation as a successful brand name. Hence, if the strategic recruiting considerations have loopholes, the organization will fail to have an experienced and well-trained as well as competent workforce essential for the accomplishment of the organizational goals. References 1. Introduction to performance appraisal. Retrieved July 6, 2003 from: http://www.performance-appraisal.com/intro.htm 2. Dessler G (2000). Human Resource Management, Eighth Edition. Copyright 2000, 1997, 1994, 1991, 1988 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. Compilation. Copyright _ 2002 by Pearson Custom Publishing. 3. Luis R. Go ´ mez-Meji ´a, Balkin D. Robert L Managing Human Resources, Third Edition. Copyright _ 2001 by Prentice-Hall A Pearson Education Company, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. 4. Buford, J. A., Jr., Bedeian, A. G., Lindner, J. R. (1995). Management in Extension (3rd ed.). Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University Extension. Zoller, C. (1996). Filling a Position in a Small Business, Extension Fact Sheet: Small Business Series, Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University Extension 5. Lindner Zoller. Recruiting employees for small businesses: a little planning goes a long way. . Retrieved July 6, 2003 from: http://ohioline.osu.edu/cd-fact/1382.html 6. Interview Tips. Insurance Staffing Consultants. Retrieved July 6, 2003 from: http://www.insurancestaffing.net/interview_tip00.htm 7. Mulligan B. Interviewers Favorite Questions and Answers. Retrieved July 6, 2003 from: http://www.jobweb.com/Resources/Library/Interviews__Resumes/Interviewers_92_01.htm 8. Flexible Staffing Options. Retrieved July 6, 2003 from: http://www.ps.vt.edu/supervisorscorner/flexstaff/